Independent two-sample t-test (equal variances assumed).
t-statistic:
Degrees of Freedom:
p-value (two-tailed):
t = (x̄₁ - x̄₂) / (s_p * sqrt(1/n₁ + 1/n₂)) where s_p = sqrt(((n₁-1)s₁² + (n₂-1)s₂²) / (n₁+n₂-2)) df = n₁ + n₂ - 2 p-value from t-distribution (two-tailed).